In the startup industry JavaScript and Python, two of the most popular languages are in high demand. Python-based backend frameworks such as Django (Python), Flask (Python), and NodeJS (JavaScript) are used by the most startups. For beginners these languages are also considered to be the best programming languages to learn.
In demand below is a list of the most popular programming languages in 2023.
1. Javascript
2. Python
3. Go
4. Java
5. Kotlin
6. PHP
7. C#
8. Swift
9. R
10. Ruby
11. C and C++
12. MatLab
13. TypeScript
14. Scala
15. SQL
16. HTML
17. CSS
18. NoSQL
19. Rust
20. Perl
1. JAVASCRIPT
The high-level programming language is JavaScript that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web. By 97.8 percent of all websites it is used as a client-side programming language. To develop web browsers JavaScript was originally used, but they are now used for non-web browser applications as well server-side website deployments.
In 1995 JavaScript was created. It was initially known as LiveScript. At that time Java was a very popular language, so it was advertised as a “younger brother” of Java. Java is often confused with JavaScript. The two languages are distinct and although there are some similarities between them.
Top 10 Reasons to Learn JavaScript :
| Level | Beginner to Intermediate |
| Skills Needed | HTML and CSS to define the content and layout of web pages |
| Platform | Cross-platform (desktop, mobile, web) |
| Popularity Among Programmers | The most popular programming language in the world |
| Benefits | i. Easy to learn and implement ii. On the web it is used everywhere iii. Within the client-side browser it can run immediately iv. On the website server reduces the demand |
| Downsides | Can sometimes be interpreted differently by different browsers which makes it difficult to write cross-browser code. |
| Degree of Use | Widely used , highly applicable |
| Annual Salary Projection | $112,152 |
2. Python
Python is easy for beginners to learn because of its readability. And it is one of the most popular programming languages today. With extensive support modules and community development, easy integration with web services, user-friendly data structures, and GUI-based desktop applications it is a free, open-source programming language. For machine learning and deep learning applications it is a popular programming language.
To develop 2D imaging and 3D animation packages like Blender, Inkscape, and Autodesk Python is used. To create popular video games, including Civilization IV, Vegas Trike, and Toontown it has also been used. For scientific and computational applications like FreeCAD and Abacus and by popular websites like YouTube, Quora, Pinterest, and Instagram Python is used. Average annual salaries of about $109,092 Python developers earn.
| Level | Beginner – Python enables a beginner to become productive quickly |
| Skills Needed | Problem-solving, abstract thinking |
| Platform | Web, Desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Becoming continuously more popular |
| Benefits | i. Flexible ii. Naturally/Intuitively readable iii. Highly regarded official tutorials and documentation iv. Scripted as opposed to compiled |
| Downsides | Doesn’t start with programming basics (known to abstract too many important basic concepts) |
| Popularity | Becoming continuously more popular both in technical education and business uses |
| Degree of Use | Coding skills widely used; popular in both technical education and business use |
| Annual Salary Projection | $109,092 |
3. Go
For APIs and web applications Go was developed by Google in 2007. Due to its simplicity, as well as its ability to handle multicore and networked systems and massive codebases Go has recently become one of the fastest-growing programming languages.
Go was created to meet the needs of programmers working on large projects and it is also known as Golang. Thanks to its simple and modern structure and syntax familiarity it has gained popularity among many large IT companies. Including Google, Uber, Twitch, Dropbox, among many others companies using Go as their programming language. Among data scientists because of its agility and performance Go is also gaining its popularity.
An average annual salary of $141,654, and hitting up to $261,000 Go developers can earn.
| Level | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Needed | Easy to learn if you already know at least one other programming language; otherwise, you just need patience and a willingness to learn. |
| Platform | Cross-platform, mainly desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Not as popular as Java or Python, but it has been increasing in popularity |
| Benefits | i. Widely considered a “minimalist” language ii. Easy to learn iii. Transparent code iv. Compatible v. Fast |
| Downsides | No generics (which means you may end up writing more code than you would in other languages), very little library support, Go developer community is not very robust or supportive |
| Degree of Use | Widely used, particular for Google applications (created at Google) |
| Annual Salary Projection | $141,654 |
4. Java
One of the most popular programming languages used today is Java.
In web and application development as well as big data Java is widely used. On the backend of several popular websites, including Google, Amazon, Twitter, and YouTube Java is also used. In hundreds of applications it is also used extensively. Very popular new Java frameworks like Spring, Struts, and Hibernate. There are hundreds of ways to learn Java, with millions of Java developers worldwide. To solve problems Java programmers have an extensive online community and support each other.
Around $109,225 each year the average Java developer earns.
| Level | Intermediate |
| Skills Needed | i. Problem-solving ii. knowledge of the object-oriented structure |
| Platform: | Web, Mobile, Desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers | One of the world’s most popular; high demand |
| Benefits | i. Regarded as a good start for learning to think like a programmer and gain coding skills ii. You’ll be able to access/manipulate the most important computer functions, like the file system, graphics, and sound for any fairly sophisticated and modern program that can run on any operating system. |
| Downsides | Lots of new vocabulary to learn; a higher-level language |
| Degree of Use | Highly applicable, Widely used |
| Annual Salary Projection | $109,225 |
5. Kotlin
A general-purpose programming language originally developed and unveiled as Project Kotlin by JetBrains in 2011 is Kotlin. In 2016 the first version was officially released. With Java it is interoperable and supports functional programming languages. for Android apps, web application, desktop application, and server-side application development Kotlin is used extensively. Better than Java Kotlin was built, and people who use this language are convinced. On Kotlin most of the Google applications are based. Kotlin as their programming language include Coursera, Pinterest, PostMates among many others Some companies are using.
An average of $136,000 a year Kotlin developers earn.
| Level | Intermediate to advanced |
| Skills Needed | Prior experience with programming languages, particularly Java |
| Platform | Web, Mobile, Desktop, Server |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Increasingly popular, used for Android applications |
| Benefits | i. Less code-heavy than Java and other languages ii. Relatively easy to adopt iii. Fully compatible with Java |
| Downsides | Fluctuating compilation speed; no static keyword in Kotlin |
| Degree of Use | Highly applicable, Widely used |
| Annual Salary Projection | $136,000 |
6. PHP
An open-source programming language is PHP created in 1990. This language is used to build more than 80% of websites on the Internet, including notable sites like Facebook and Yahoo and many web developers find it essential to learn PHP.
Mainly to write server-side scripts Programmers mainly use PHP. To write command-line scripts, and programmers with high-level PHP coding skills can also use it to develop desktop applications developers can also use this language.
For beginning developers PHP is considered a relatively easy language to learn. To several dedicated online communities, making it easy to get support and answers to questions PHP professionals has accessed.
Average annual salaries of about $107,409 PHP programmers earn.
| Level | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Needed | Simple if you have a background in programming languages, but relatively easy to learn for newcomers |
| Platform | Cross-platform (desktop, mobile, web) |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Used by nearly 80% of all active websites, so it’s very popular with web developers |
| Benefits | i. Open-source ii. Easy to develop and may be integrated with many different tools iii. Cost-effective and flexible with database connectivity |
| Downsides | i. Not very secure ii. not well-suited for large applications iii. poor error-handling iv. cannot support a large number of apps |
| Degree of Use | While it’s used by the vast majority of websites, its use is declining |
| Annual Salary Projection | $107,409 |
7. C#
For the .NET framework. Anders Hejlsberg, the creator of C#, says the language is more like C++ than Java it is one of the most used programming languages.
For applications on Windows, Android, and iOS, as it takes the help of the integrated development environment product, Microsoft Visual C++ , C# is best suited. Several popular websites like Bing, Dell, Visual Studio, and MarketWatch C# is used on the back end.
Around $111,760 per year C# developers earn.
| Level | Intermediate |
| Skills Needed | A basic understanding of how to write code |
| Platform | Cross-platform, including mobile and enterprise software applications |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Relatively popular, but not as popular as Java (its closest rival) |
| Benefits | i. Fast ii. Simple to use iii. Object-oriented iv. Scalable and updateable v. Interoperable with other codes vi. Open source vii. Extensive library |
| Downsides | Less flexible, as it depends on Microsoft’s .Net framework; poor x-platform GUI |
| Degree of Use | Used by roughly one-third of all software developers, particularly relevant for Microsoft developers |
| Annual Salary Projection | $111,760 |
8. Swift
In 2014 for Linux and Mac applications Apple developed Swift.
Almost everything from the programming language Objective-C Swift supports, and it is an open-source programming language that is easy to learn. Compared with other programming languages Swift requires fewer coding skills, and with IBM Swift Sandbox and IBM Bluemix it can be used. In popular iOS apps like WordPress, Mozilla Firefox, SoundCloud, and even in the game Flappy Bird Swift is used.
Around $106,652 the Professionals who develop iOS applications take home average annual salaries.
| Level | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Needed | Willingness to spend time reading tutorials (which are widely available); no prior experience with programming languages required |
| Platform | Mobile (Apple iOS apps, specifically) |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Gaining in popularity, especially among Apple iOS application developers |
| Benefits | i. Relatively easy to learn ii. Clean syntax iii. Less code iv. Faster than comparable programming languages v. Open source |
| Downsides | Still a young language; poor interoperability with third party tools, lacks support for earlier versions of iOS |
| Degree of Use | Used extensively for creating iOS apps used on the iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch |
| Annual Salary Projection | $109,652 |
9. R
R is essentially a different version of the S language and it is an open-source language. For S runs on R without modification much of the code that developers write.
For processing statistics, including linear and nonlinear modeling, calculation, testing, visualization, and analysis applications built in R are used. R can interface with a number of databases and process both structured and unstructured data applications coded used.
It is not as easy for beginners to pick up as some other languages in this article and R has a moderate learning curve. R boasts an active online community of developers, which is always a plus when learning new coding skills, like other open-source programming languages.
Average annual salaries of about $90,940, R developers earn.
| Level | Intermediate |
| Skills Needed | Easier if you already know Javascript or Python, but it’s recommended for people with a firm grasp of mathematics |
| Platform | Mainly desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers | Not nearly as popular as it once was, mainly due to rival language Python’s soaring popularity |
| Benefits | i. Open source ii. Great support for managing data iii. Wide variety of packages available iv. Cross-functional with Linux, Windows, and Mac OS v. Ideal for machine learning applications |
| Downsides | Objects are stored in physical memory, which can strain resources, lacks basic security, slower than MatLab or Python |
| Degree of Use | Widely used for analytics |
| Annual Salary Projection | $90,940 |
10. Ruby
Consider Ruby, if you want to start with a language that is known for being relatively simple to learn. It was designed to have a more human-friendly syntax while still being flexible from the standpoint of its object-oriented architecture that supports procedural and functional programming notation and it was developed in the 1990s.
On Rails (“RoR”) a web-application framework that is implemented in Ruby is Ruby. For being an easy language to write in and also for the relatively short learning time required Ruby developers thought it. To a large community of Ruby developers and a growing interest in the language among beginning developers these attributes have led.
Around $121,000 per year the average salary for a Ruby developer.
| Level | Beginner – Ruby and Ruby on Rails have evolved to become extremely popular for web developers. |
| Skills Needed | Problem-solving, abstract thinking (ability to visualize what application users want to see) |
| Platform | Web |
| Popularity Among Programmers | On the rise |
| Benefits | i. Flexible ii. The syntax is considered easy to read and to write (no specialized “vocabulary” to get started) iii. Enforces good programming style |
| Degree of Use | Least broadly used |
| Annual Salary Projection | $121,070 |
